Hybrid analytical method for calibrating a standard NaI(Tl) gamma-ray scintillation detector using a lateral hexagonal radioactive source

In various fields of radiation and nuclear physics, research its applications help in the management control human activities, especially analysis waste measurement low activity environmental samples. The current study uses a hybrid analytical technique 152 Eu lateral hexagonal radioactive source to calibrate standard cylindrical NaI(Tl) γ-ray scintillation detector. is combination experimental measurements theoretical calculations because for each and/or sample, separate reference calibration equivalent samples different compositions required, which needs additional funding. This method suitable any source–detector geometry. It can be used calculate geometric, total, full-energy peak efficiency P/T ratio using model probability detecting γ-radiation photons, particular from source. detection mainly influenced by direction γ-quantum motion. build more realistic complex models than typical point case, where simple integration numerically system. Using this method, self-attenuation coincidence-summing effect calculated gamma matrices. results obtained show how useful calibrating gamma-ray detectors with type